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Objective:To determine the awareness and knowledge of exposure to rabies of outpatients， and then provide strategies to reduce the occurrence of rabies in Huangpu district， Shanghai. Methods:A total of 293 patients attending the clinic due to exposure to rabies were selected to complete the questionnaire survey， including demographics， characteristics of exposure， and knowledge and awareness of rabies， using an application scanning. Results:The outpatients in this study were more likely to be women and aged 20-40 years. The exposed sites were mainly upper limbs， and injuries mainly caused by their own pets during playing. The knowledge of rabies， its harm and route of infection， as well as the time of vaccination against rabies and notes after vaccination have been well-documented. However， awareness of clinical manifestation of rabies and treatment after re-injury was lowest. There were significant difference in the clinical manifestation and incubation period of rabies across diverse occupations. There are multiple factors that affected the knowledge and awareness of exposure to rabies， in which the knowledge of rabies was strongly associated with the knowledge of treatment. The primary source of exposure was media， including the Internet， television and radio， WeChat and medical staff. Conclusion:The cognition of outpatients on exposure to rabies remains low. We should optimize the educational methods and implement various health education and promotion activities for rabies control and prevention to improve the knowledge and awareness of exposure to rabies.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and related knowledge and behavior among special population in Changzhou City,so as to provide the evidence for formulating effective measures of toxoplasmosis prevention. Methods The pregnant women and patients with neoplasia in Changzhou hospitals,and livestock and poultry breeding or processing workers were selected as the subjects of the study. Venous blood samples were collected from each partici-pant for detecting IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii by ELISA. A questionnaire investigation on knowledge and behavior about T. gondii infection was conducted. Results Among the total 300 respondents investigated from March to May,2015,the prevalence of T. gondii infection was 16.3％(49/300). Totally 52 respondents knew the knowledge about the prevention and con-trol of T. gondii infection with an awareness rate of 17.3％(52/300). The proportion of participants who frequently contacted with cats/dogs(25.0％,13/52)in the group who knew the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection was lower than that of participants(50.8％,126/248)in the group who did not know the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection,and the difference was statistically significant(X2=11.51,P<0.05). The proportion of participants sepa-rating chopping boards for raw and cooked food(61.5％,32/52)in the group who knew the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection was statistically higher than that of the participants(9.3％,23/248)in the group who did not know the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection,and the difference was statistically significant (X2=78.43,P<0.001). There was a negative correlation between the awareness rate of the knowledge about the prevention and con-trol of T. gondii infection and the infection rate of T. gondii. The infection rate of T. gondii(5.8％,3/52)in the group who knew the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection was lower than that(18.5％,46/248)of the group who did not know the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection,and the difference was statistically significant (X2=5.14,P<0.05). Conclusions The awareness rate of the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infec-tion among special population in Changzhou City is low. The health education on the knowledge of the prevention and control of toxoplasmosis should be strengthened,in order to improve the awareness of personal hygiene and change the unhealthy lifestyles and dietary habits.
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Measures for congenital toxoplasmosis prevention may be performed at three levels. Primary prevention is characterized by education and public health programs, in which susceptible pregnant women receive guidance on sources of infection and on adopting preventive measures. The secondary level consists of serological screening during prenatal care. Finally, the tertiary level operates in already infected newborns, seeking to prevent clinical damage and late complications. This study aims to describe the situation of control measures for congenital toxoplasmosis in Niterói-RJ according to the National Health Promotion Policy. In Niterói, only secondary prevention is being implemented and there is no guidance on preventive measures to seronegative pregnant women. There is also no notification of congenital and acquired toxoplasmosis cases during pregnancy
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Toxoplasmosis , Primary Prevention , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital , Knowledge , Pregnant WomenABSTRACT
Objectives To explore status of health prevention knowledge awareness and the formation of healthy behaviors of community residents in Guagzhou and provide evidence for health-management-related departments to put forward pertinent intervention strategies. Methods A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 2 790 community residents in Guangzhou by multistage stratified random sampling. Results The awareness rate of residents′ basic health prevention knowledge was 78.14%, the awareness rate of key knowledge was 74.77%, the rate of health behavior formation was 48.14%. The rate of women′s behavior formation was higher than that of men′s. The awareness rate of basic knowledge among the residents aged over 50 years was lower than that that among those aged less than 50 years , but the awareness rate of key knowledge and behavior formation rate were higher. The level of knowledge awareness and the rate of behavior formation rate of urban residents were higher than those of rural residents and migrants. The knowledge awareness and behavior formationi were positively correlated with degree with statistically significant difference (P < 0.01). Conclusions The health belief and behavior of the community residents should be cultivated and strengthened , the basic prevention knowledge should be made universal for middle-aged and old people , the health education of key prevention knowledge should be strengthened for the middle-aged and young people , the public health services should be made more open and equal further promoted, and the community comprehensive intervention focusing on the health education should be strengthened.
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Objective To investigate stroke prevention knowledge among primary hypertension stroke patients.Methods The survey was conducted among 100 primary hypertensive stroke patients older than 35 years old for sociodemographic information,and stroke prevention knowledge.Results The stroke prevention knowledge score of 100 patients was (63.22 ± 20.68) points,diet dimension got the best score,came in first,to master the knowledge of the incidence of stroke signs was the worst,came in last.Blood pressure medication,coronary heart disease were stroke-related knowledge influencing factors.Conclusions The level of stroke prevention knowledge among primary hypertension stroke patients is low.In order to help hypertensive stroke patients improve their stroke prevention knowledge,health education should be promoted.
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Objective To understand cognition status about AIDS prevention knowledge of urban and rural residents in Xinjiang Yili state ,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating measures of AIDS publicity ,education ,prevention and control for the fu-ture .Methods For simple random sampling with Database of country infectious diseases special projectsthat Yili state has been successfully uploaded ,obtain the required sample ,then conducted questionnaire survey .Results In 1 101 respondents ,cognition rate about AIDS prevention knowledge of urban and rural residents was 79 .02% ,the higher level regions of AIDS epidemic classifi-cation ,respondent in the higher cognition rate ;the cognition status about blood transmission ,mother-to-child transmission was bet-ter ,the sexual transmission was poorer .Male ,16 to 30 years old ,Uygur ,the higher education level of respondents ,AIDS prevention knowledge in relatively good condition status .Conclusion The cognition status about AIDS prevention knowledge in Xinjiang Yili state basic meet the national standards ,but remains to be improved .We should enhance AIDS prevention knowledge education cope with high age group ,Kazakhs and other ethnic minorities ,low education level of the respondents ,it should also focus on strengthe-ning the publicity education and proper guidance with non-transmission .According to different popular level classification ,publicity and education should be carryed out combined with local actual formulation is more advantageous to measure .
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Objective To understand the status of knowledge of malaria prevention and control in residents of Suining Coun-ty,so as to provide the reference for improving the implementation of malaria elimination. Methods Nine villages in 3 townships (3 villages per township)were randomly selected as the study areas,and 200 residents aged above 15 years of each village were in-vestigated with questionnaire for the knowledge of malaria prevention and control. Results The awareness rates of“malaria trans-mission way”,“main symptoms of malaria”,“life-threatening of falciparum malaria”,“how to treat malaria”,and“how to pre-vent malaria”were 96.27%,95.01%,81.46%,98.19%and 96.27%,respectively. There were no significant differences between the different genders and among the different areas (all P>0.05),but there were significant differences among different age groups(all P<0.05). Conclusion The awareness of malaria prevention and control in residents of Suining County is relatively high,which means the health education is effective.